Rangeland degradation and restoration in semiarid areas of. Herbivores, edaphic features and fire are primary factors regulating the balance between woody and herbaceous vegetation in savannas. Implications on integrated rangeland management systems 3. Rangeland ecology and management online masters in. Rangeland management and ecology in east africa save as. Desertification and degradation of africas rangelands. The earliest writings on desertification and degradation were done near the begin ning of the twentieth century but. Speak the word and some will envision the home of the american cowboy, others see vast herds on the african serengeti, and for still others the australian outback is synonymous with the term. Integrated vegetation database and plant voucher specimen collection. The western side of the united states is 53% rangeland. The concept of rangeland carrying capacity in subsaharan. Bush encroachment dynamics and rangeland management. The reason given was the human and livestock demographic growth coppock, 1994.
Types of article research papers report original findings on all rangeland topics and must be based on a sound conceptual framework and a rigorous test of experimental hypotheses. Full text of ecologically sensitive sites in africa. Values for cattle are indicative of grazers that only. These lands support nearly 500 million head of livestock which produce about 2. A pdf of the final, fulllength book, once published, will be available at s. Rangeland ecology and management uniquely integrates information from multiple system components to address current and pending challenges confronting global rangelands. Many observational studies have evaluated the potential effects of browsing herbivores on woody plant dynamics in african savannas, but few experimental studies have compared the dynamics of african savannas with and without browsers. Nonequilibrium ecology and resilience theory have transformed rangeland ecology and management by challenging the traditional assumptions of ecological stability and linear successional dynamics. These programs are spread over south africa in the different biomes and concentrate on the ecological processes and the influence of climate and herbivores on the natural resource. Wildlife conservation on the rangelands of eastern and southern africa. Click download or read online button to get rangeland management and ecology in east africa book now. The natural resource stewardship degree requires completion of 30 credits, including 14 credits of required core coursework, 9 credits in the focus area rangeland ecology and management, and 7 credits of electives. The need for establishing criteria and ways for determining the carrying capacity of african rangelands became more strongly felt when in the 1960s and 1970s several regions were hit by droughts 1960 to 1961, 1973 to 1976 in east africa. Concluding remarks glossary bibliography biographical sketches summary rangelands, the internationally recognized term for land where livestock are.
Range management is a professional field whose aim is to ensure a sustained yield of rangeland products while protecting and improving the basic range resources of soil, water, and plant and animal life. It is especially important as the livestock sector continues to experience extraordinarily high fuel and other input costs. Rangeland management and ecology in east africa bibliographic information. Pasture, rangeland and grazing management introduction pasture is the basis of any livestock operation that purports to be truly sustainable. Rangeland resources in africa especially sahel region is one of the most vulnerable. Yet, by the early 1990s it has been observed that the borana system of pastoral production was on decline. Regulation of shrub dynamics by native browsing ungulates on. The journals mission is to inform academics, ecosystem managers and policy makers of sciencebased information to promote sound rangeland stewardship.
Besides producing forage for domestic and wild animals, a range can provide. First watch video about unraveling sagebrush community changenext download the state and transition. This paper was funded by the new mexico agricultural experiment station. Since 1950 the world human population has increased about 180% compared with a near quintupling in africa, slightly more than doubling in the united states, tripling in china, and increasing by 10%. Rangeland management and fluvial geomorphology in northern. Behnke rh, scoones, kerven c eds range ecology at disequilibrium. Jun 01, 2014 influences of forest and rangeland management on salmonid fishes and their habitats. The prediction of vegetation production promotes the optimum use of rangelands, while fodder flow planning encourages competitive livestock production. Herders decisionmaking in natural resources management in arid and semiarid africacan be obtained from the community forestry unit, fodp, fao, 00100 via delle terme di caracalla, rome, italy. Rangelands publishes articles on the current state of the science and art of rangeland management. Modern ranchers in east africa, raising solely cattle, have had to. Ecology, management, and restoration of rangelands natural.
The prediction of vegetation production promotes the optimum use of rangelands, while fodder flow planning encourages. Integrated rangeland management systems could be classified into several major types. Oct 26, 2018 the goal of this study was to provide pastoralists, rangeland managers, and policy makers with a spatial understanding of the past, current, and potential rangeland vegetation states in borana, ethiopia, which will then contribute to assessing spatial risk of bush encroachment and applying mitigation actions for rangeland management. A century of institutions and ecology in east africas. Ecological consequences of rangeland development in east africa. The rangelands of southern ethiopia until four decades ago were considered as the finest rangeland in east africa coppock, 1994. Historical ecologies of pastoralist overgrazing in kenya. Pdf wildlife conservation on the rangelands of eastern and. Rangeland ecology and management now brings this integrated approach to the classroom in a thoroughly researched, comprehensive, and readable text.
This is a courseworkonly degree and does not require completion of a thesis. Forest service, department of defense, and the national park service. Eastern and southern african rangelands are renowned for. Traditional mobile pastoralism in a contemporary semiarid rangeland in namaqualand, south africa. Rainfall patterns as background to plant phenology in northern tanzania.
Dec 17, 2016 behnke rh, scoones i 1993 rethinking range ecology. Decisions taken about land use, the number of livestock species to use, the season of use and stocking density all have profound and farreaching effects on the stability and, ultimately, the sustainable use of. Ecology, management, and restoration of rangelands rangelands are many things to many people. The authors discuss the basics of rangeland management. The prediction of primary production of natural rangelands in south africa is essential in the planning of interventions for improving livestock management and production. The bureau of land management manages about 167 million acres 676,000 km. Communitybased rangeland management in east africa.
The question of which paradigm of ecosystem dynamics to utilize for understanding a partic ular rangeland type in africa is not easily. Pdf wildlife conservation on the rangelands of eastern. Developing an alternative paradigm of rangeland management samuel d. Rangelands 165, october 1994 181 changing perspectives from the 1930s to the present time. The goal of this study was to provide pastoralists, rangeland managers, and policy makers with a spatial understanding of the past, current, and potential rangeland vegetation states in borana, ethiopia, which will then contribute to assessing spatial risk of bush encroachment and applying mitigation actions for rangeland management. Effects of livelihooddiversification on sustainability of. Rangeland degradation and restoration in semiarid areas. Sustainable rangeland management in subsaharan africa. Rangeland management and ecology in east africa iucn. The problems of rangelands and the need for proper management have always existed, at least in latent form, since mankind started to use rangeland resources in pursuit of various objectives. Integrated rangeland management has three important objectives.
Pratt d j and m d gwynne eds 1977 rangeland management and ecological. Rangeland managers secure careers to manage and conserve rangelands with a variety of private individuals or organizations and government agencies. Rangeland management for improved pastoralist livelihoods. Rangeland degradation has an impact on biotic sustainability and reduces the variety of future uses of rangeland ecosystems kauffman et al. Rangeland management and ecology in east africa download. The c content of dung indicates the amount of grass in the diet because all grasses at mpala use the c 4 photosynthetic pathway. Rangeland management and ecology in east africa book. The concept of rangeland carrying capacity in subsaharan africa. Rangeland management for improved pastoralist livelihoods the. Speak the word and some will envision the home of the american cowboy, others see vast herds on the african serengeti, and for still others the australian outback is. Bidwell2 authors are 1sarkeys distinguished professor, 2professor, and 4assistant professor, department of natural resource ecology and management, and. Rangeland management and ecology in east africa paperback january 1, 1977 by d. Citescore values are based on citation counts in a given year e. Jackson noted that 94 percent of the land area in north africa and the near and middle east is rangeland with an annual precipitation of 400 rmn or less, and that 55 percent of west, east and southern africa is rangeland with less than 600 mm rainfall.
Behnke rh, scoones i 1993 rethinking range ecology. Rangeland management and ecology in east africa, edited by d. Decisions taken about land use, the number of livestock species to use, the season of use and stocking density all have profound and farreaching effects on the stability and, ultimately, the sustainable use of rangelands squires 2010. Apr 24, 2018 rangeland degradation has an impact on biotic sustainability and reduces the variety of future uses of rangeland ecosystems kauffman et al. Herger, michael centre for development and environment. Moisture interception as a factor in the competitive ability of bluebunch wheatgrass. Federal land management agencies such as the bureau of land management, natural resources conservation service, u. The social, technical and cultural conditions of these. Worden, jeffrey northern rangelands trust nrt, kenya. The joint xxiv international grassland congress and xi.
Kenya introduction as europeans pushed to colonize and cultivate lands in the intemperate tropics they became intensely interested in the relationships among deforestation, rainfall, soil erosion, and. Nrm, land tenure and land use planning dimensions doctoral field research fellowshippossible case studiesstudy sites ilri has ongoing projects and partnerships around rangeland management at a number of sites in ethiopia, kenya, and tanzania each of which involves elements of research. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you. Besides producing forage for domestic and wild animals, a range can provide read more. In east africa however, pastoralism and wildlife in form of game reserves and national parks mainly for the tourism industry go hand in hand. The most common relationship is to a previous andor continuing title, where a journal continues publishing with a change to its official title.
Influences of forest and rangeland management on salmonid fishes and their habitats. Rangeland management conservation of pattern and process. World human population is now estimated at nearly 7. Challenges to the new rangeland science request pdf. Richard hatfield and craig leggett were invaluable sources of wisdom and i am indebted to them for all they taught me about rangeland ecology and holistic thinking while strolling across the dry grasslands of borana or banging down dirt tracks in 4x4s. Recognition of tribalgroup rights and rangeland management systems 3. Then, i reconcile some of the different views by examining new evidence and new paradigms for interpretation. Regulation of shrub dynamics by native browsing ungulates. Ecology, management, and restoration of rangelands. Most pastoral groups have several types of range management techniques. This book consists of contributions by 25 authors, all with long experience of e.
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